Free Essays on On The Standard Of Taste

On the standard of taste, David Hume describes an aesthetic judgment as not really a judgment at all, but a matter of sentiment upon the basis of being agreeable and/ or pleasurable. This sentiment is always real, and has a reference to nothing beyond its own self, so we are not making plain judgments about the quality of something (257). Taste is based on a feeling (sentiment), and a feeling is a personal response, therefore there is no objective beauty if taste is a matter of sentiment. Since beauty isn’t even a quality in things themselves, and sentiments give rise to different opinions, this leads us to a theory of aesthetic relativism; relativism in which we find that conscious activity, perceptions and influences are varied and individual. Since every one has their own opinion of what is good and what is bad, Hume directs his concerns in determining who is right based on the aspects of â€Å"taste†. Hume states that there must be a standard of taste in which an audience can adhere to. A rule by which the various sentiments of men may become reconciled would be the standard in virtue. A rule in art with relating sentiments could become the standard of taste by a bringing of common response. There are types of rules that bring a certain conformity or relation between the object and the organs or faculties of the mind (258). This rule can take on two different aspects, one in composition and the other in criticism. In each of these cases, the rule links a particular response with an aesthetic quality or the way of composing art. For a musician, a more pleasurable effect could be to expand on different chord changes, or to not stay in one key. For the critic, the rule might take shape as to say that a consi stent key would not please a good critic. In Hume’s way of defining elements of the standard of taste, he pushes the act of how to be an audience, which will entail into being a good critic of art with the parall... Free Essays on On The Standard Of Taste Free Essays on On The Standard Of Taste On the standard of taste, David Hume describes an aesthetic judgment as not really a judgment at all, but a matter of sentiment upon the basis of being agreeable and/ or pleasurable. This sentiment is always real, and has a reference to nothing beyond its own self, so we are not making plain judgments about the quality of something (257). Taste is based on a feeling (sentiment), and a feeling is a personal response, therefore there is no objective beauty if taste is a matter of sentiment. Since beauty isn’t even a quality in things themselves, and sentiments give rise to different opinions, this leads us to a theory of aesthetic relativism; relativism in which we find that conscious activity, perceptions and influences are varied and individual. Since every one has their own opinion of what is good and what is bad, Hume directs his concerns in determining who is right based on the aspects of â€Å"taste†. Hume states that there must be a standard of taste in which an audience can adhere to. A rule by which the various sentiments of men may become reconciled would be the standard in virtue. A rule in art with relating sentiments could become the standard of taste by a bringing of common response. There are types of rules that bring a certain conformity or relation between the object and the organs or faculties of the mind (258). This rule can take on two different aspects, one in composition and the other in criticism. In each of these cases, the rule links a particular response with an aesthetic quality or the way of composing art. For a musician, a more pleasurable effect could be to expand on different chord changes, or to not stay in one key. For the critic, the rule might take shape as to say that a consi stent key would not please a good critic. In Hume’s way of defining elements of the standard of taste, he pushes the act of how to be an audience, which will entail into being a good critic of art with the parall...

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CUSTOM TERM PAPERS ENGLISH WRITERS Our online custom writing service works together with professional English writers. Being on the market over 9 years, we have created unique team of workers including technical support, writers, customer service support, managers, etc. who are able to assist you with any type of academic assignment you receive today. If you have a high academic level college or university assignment, delegate your task to our professional team of custom term papers english writers. Being a 24/7 operational service, we are able to deliver the writing from high level essay to Ph.D. level dissertation. A specialty of our service is overnight assignment completion or 6-hour urgency orders. Whatever case you have, our professionally experienced writers are able to deliver the job on time. In case some changes need to be made, apply for academic assignment revision free of charge as many times as you want. Ordering your academic assignment today with us is a step to success. CUSTOM TERM PAPERS ENGLISH WRITERS We don’t like to keep it a secret, but our writing department handles hundreds of essay requests every single day. We have the team of custom term papers english writers stand by because the assistance may be needed very often. And we have found that we should talk more about process essay type. Process essay is the type of essay that aims to present a description of a specific process or how the things are done. Process essay will focus on describing the series of steps or actions that are being taken in order to achieve certain or desired results. So you have to start with process essay name or title and it must be completely informative and straight forward.   Next step you move on to tell your audience what kind of process you are going to analyze. Keep in mind that it is vital to accentuate important parts of the process and to show their importance to the reader as well. Keep your mind on overall process essay intention which is to describe a particular process. Choose the manner of writing that you feel comfortable with. Write as you would leave no questions to be asked from your reader. And make sure the information you provide in your process essay is basic and simple.

Capstone Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Capstone Project - Research Paper Example This essay focuses on hospitals that have recently started to incorporate risk management in their operations. The researcher explores the major role of the risk management department is to make sure that the organization does not make unnecessary loss due to Potentially Compensable Events. These are occurrences that can result due to litigation against the providers in health care. Furthermore, health care providers are also forced to compensate the injured patients, doctors and others in such cases. Generally modern hospitals offer varied services like the ambulance, surgery services, emergency services and partial hospitalization and etc. In addition, several health care officers help in the provision of patient care. Thus, today hospitals often have their regulatory body which controls their operations online. Thus, most hospitals have occurrence report system which allows the risk managers to track down online the Potentially Compensable Events and later identify the risk areas in the organization which can be improved. Therefore, there has to be procedures and policies that should be enforced to identify common errors that which have to be reported. The researcher explaines such policies, such as error reporting, that should be impartial as some hospitals have started to embrace an electronic system. This allows the risk managers to receive, analyze and then review the reports online in real time, which leads to successful and quick administration of the problem occured.

Meeting stakeholders needs Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Meeting stakeholders needs - Assignment Example Stakeholders can be further subdivided into two groups: Internal stakeholders: people or group belonging within a business – owners, employees. External stakeholders: people or group belonging outside the business – debt holders, creditors, government, customers, community (BBC, 2013). 1. b. Diagram depicting the stakeholders in an organization (Source: BBC, 2013) 1. c i) Employees (internal stakeholders) in my organization are provided with bonus at the time of their monthly salary. They are also given performance based incentives/appraisals. In my field of work, where there is extensive use of chemicals, workers are given proper training as to how to use them safely and high quality equipments are provided to them in order to build a safe working environment. Customers (external stakeholders) are provided with good quality products and services, ensuring a timely and safe delivery of products. Customer feedbacks are constantly monitored. These are the tasks and respon sibilities assigned to us, as engineers, sales and shop floor operators of the organization. ii) Ensuring an effective communication between the internal stakeholders and the management is an important framework by means of which the former can convey their expectations and needs to the latter and through this the management extracts necessary detail to know the needs of the stakeholders in terms of quality, quantity, timeliness and cost. As far as the external stakeholders are concerned, keeping track of their feedbacks, as well as conducting timely surveys is one way of knowing their needs in terms of quality, quantity, timeliness and cost. 1. d A process involves set of steps and activities designed to perform a certain task in order to reach a specified objective. In other words it can also be described as â€Å"the way in which the abstract goal of putting customers first gets turned on its practical consequences† (Seethamraju, 2012, p. 537). 1. e. The difference between the cost of manufacturing a product and the amount received when that product is sold is termed as the value added to that product (Business Dictionary, 2013b). 1. f. In my field of work, re – works/repairs, defects, chemical waste, delays, poor material allocation, unnecessary material handling is considered as non value adding activities (Alwi, Hampson, and Mohamed, 2002). 1. g. i) I work for an organization which specializes in photo – etching. It is a process which produces complex metal parts with precise detail by adopting a tightly controlled corrosion mechanism (Precision micro, 2013). ii) Photosensitive polymers, metal sheets, stencils, chemicals, UV ray source are key inputs to a photo etching process (Leeweston1980, 2010). iii) The products derived from photo etching process are electronics packaging components, frets & harnesses, medical devices & implants etc. iv) Materials used as inputs (as mentioned above) are changed or used up by the process whereas the workforce involved/the activity involved in the process remains unchanged. v) The amount generated after the output product is sold less the cost involved in the production is the value added to the product. TASK 2 2.a.i. The different stakeholders involved in this incident can be classified into two divisions namely: Internal Stakeholders: The employees working for Swinton. External Stakeholders: The customer and the supplying insurance company. 2.a.ii. As

Basic Cash Management Process Essay Example for Free

Basic Cash Management Process Essay Every company can be viewed as a cash pool into which funds flow from various sources. Several techniques are used to speed the collection of such funds. Conversely, cash flows out of the pool for payables and other disbursement reasons. An important aspect of cash management is to control tightly both cash inflows and outflows. When cash inflows exceed cash outflows, surplus cash builds up. This surplus can be used to repay debts or for investment in marketable securities. Alternatively, when outgoing funds exceed the inflow, the firm must raise money by borrowing or by selling some marketable securities. THE CONCEPT OF FLOAT A cash managers job is to make payments to others as slowly as possible and to convert into cash – or clear – payments received from others as quickly as possible. The reason is float, the most important element of cash management. Float is the amount of uncollected funds moving through the financial transfer system. It shows up as the difference between the balance shown on a firms checking account and the balance on the banks books. For example, suppose a firm writes, on average, $100,000 of checks daily. If it takes four days for checks to clear and be deducted from the firms bank balance, the firms own books will show a cash balance that is $400,000 less than the banks records indicate. The firm has the use of these funds, called disbursement float, as long as this situation persists. On the other hand, the firm loses the use of check-clearing float – one component of collection float – on the checks that it has deposited in its account but that have not yet cleared. Suppose the firm deposits $90,000 in checks every day, and these checks clear in three days on average. The firms books then show cash balances that are $270,000 larger than the banks books indicate. Thus, the firms net float – the difference between its $400,000 disbursement float and its $270,000 check-clearing float – is $130,000. This means that the firms actual cash balance is $130,000 greater than its recorded cash balance. The firm can invest or otherwise spend these excess funds. The float on an individual item can be measured in dollar-days and is calculated as the amount of the check multiplied by the number of days of delay until that check clears: Alternatively, the average daily float can be calculated as the average daily receipts multiplied by the average delay in collecting each dollar.   The average delay in collecting a dollar equals the total dollar-days of float divided by the total amount received during the period or Average Delay The existence of float lies at the core of every system designed to accelerate, decelerate, or control corporate funds. By reducing collection float, the corporate treasurer can accelerate cash flow and enhance the return on current assets. Similarly, corporate cash flow may be improved by increasing disbursement float. The value of decreasing collection float or increasing disbursement float is tied to the opportunity cost of funds. It can be measured as   Value of Float = Dollar Amount of Float times Time times Interest Rate For example, suppose a firm can reduce the collection time on $5 million of receivables by three days. Assuming that it will invest this money at an annual interest rate of 10 percent, it will earn interest at a rate of .10/365 per day on the $5 million. Therefore, the value of a three-day reduction in collection float is $5,000,000 times 3 times 0.10/365 = $4,109.59 If collections ordinarily average $5 million daily and the company managed to reduce the float permanently by three days, it would then be able to free up $15 million in working capital. At 10 percent interest, this reduction in float is worth $1.5 million ($5,000,000 times 3 times .10) annually. Using a 10 percent discount rate, the present value of this permanent reduction in float is $15 million ($1,500,000/.10). Reworking this example with a different interest rate, say 6 percent, reveals that if the company can permanently free up $15 million in working capital, its shareholders will be $15 million richer ($900.000/.6), regardless of the interest rate. In other words, the value created by a permanent reduction in float is independent of the interest rate. Collection Float Collection float is the time that receivables spend in the process of being collected. It consists of the following four elements: 1.Invoicing float is the interval from the time a company creates an invoice and mails it to the customer until the customer places the payment in the mail. During this phase of the collection cycle, the cash manager has no control over the funds. 2.Mail float, the next phase in the cycle, is the time taken by the U.S. Postal Service to deliver the customers check. 3.Having received payment, the company experiences processing float, the flow of the check through the companys accounting system on its way to be deposited. 4.Finally, there is check-clearing float. This is the time it takes to clear each check deposited. Invoicing float may be reduced only by changing the payment terms. The other three types of float are controllable. A.2 discusses the various means to accelerate the collection of funds. Exhibit A.1 illustrates the various types of collection float.

High and Popular Islam Essay -- Islam History Religion

History of the Middle East and North Africa 600-1258 Unlike India that has a clearly defined caste system to divide classes, other nations have classes that are implied by economic and social differences. The Middle East after the rise of Islam had an implied class system as well, referred to as High Islam and Popular or Low Islam. There is no actual High and Popular Islam that people are officially divided into, but is perceived through historical analysis. They are concepts derived from historical findings that provide a way to compare and contrast the people, religion, and government of Islam. (Frierson) Hopefully this essay will shed some light on these concepts. â€Å"Allah is the Protector of those who have faith: from the depths of darkness He will lead them forth into light.† (Cow 2:257) Jesus Christ would never have expected animated DVD’s, Santa upstaging neither his ‘birthday’, nor the endless sects of Christians all claiming to truly understand his message and scripture. (Unless of course one is Christian and believes he is god and therefore knows all) Whether Muhammad foresaw the possibility of the Muslim community headed for similar disregard of the sacred is debatable. However, the fact that the sin of idolatry was so feared by Muslims has proven substantial power to suppress the same abandonment of the sacred that Christianity has modernized to. Despite the lack of Muhammad dolls and Allah t-shirts, the religion of Islam evolved into a government, empire, and ultimately a vague ideal of holiness interpreted thousands of ways. Having a faceless, mysterious deity not only prevented commercialism of a religion, but served to allow any culture to adopt their unique vision of God. When Muhammad first formed the small... ... English translation of The Koran. London: Penguin Classics, 2006. Specific Sura The Cow (Referred to as Cow) Frierson, Elizabeth. In-class lectures, PowerPoint’s, and Portfolio Guidelines University of Cincinnati Course Number 15-HIST-170-001, 20 September- October 2010. (Referred to as Frierson) Haug, Dr. In-class lectures and PowerPoint’s, University of Cincinnati Course Number 15-HIST-170-001, 20 September- October 2010. (Referred to as Haug) Lewis, Bernard. Islam: from the Prophet Muhammad to the Capture of Constantinople, Volume 1. Oxford University Press, 1987. (Referred to as Lewis 1) Lewis, Bernard. Islam: from the Prophet Muhammad to the Capture of Constantinople, Volume 2. Oxford University Press, 1987. (Referred to as Lewis 2) Ochsenwald, William and Sidney Fisher. The Middle East: A History. McGraw-Hill, 2004. (Referred to as F&O)

“Hunters in the Snow” by Tobias Wolff Essay

In â€Å"Hunters in the Snow† by Tobias Wolff, we see three characters who apparently appear to be close friends but then as the story moves they lose their patience with each other. In the story, the reader notices how the cold temperatures started to create an impact on each of the characters. It brings out the complexities in their character. In due course of time the reader comes across the true self of the characters. Their simmering resentment towards each other is aptly highlighted by the author amidst the appropriate setting of the cold bleak winter season. When concentrating on the conversation that takes place between the men the reader realizes that underneath all the friendship there is a cruelness of words that cuts to the deep as the men flaunt the others weaknesses and seem to be ignorant of the effect that the words will have on the emotional state of the other. The atmosphere plays a very crucial role in defining the theme for a story. When used to its full potential it can stir deep feelings in the reader that go beyond rational thought. Tobias Wolff in his short story †Hunters in the Snow† uses this factor to create atmosphere and a sense of crisis. The story craftly uses the setting and thereby makes it a fascinating study in self-absorption. Wolff draws three strongly distinct characters in a small space, and again manages to convey the ambiguities and complexities of human interaction and personal struggle. The story begins with Tub waiting for his friends Frank and Kenny â€Å"for an hour in the falling snow.† In the same paragraph we find Tub is walking down the street, carrying a rifle and seemingly, shooting the breeze. The cold and the waiting surely creates an impact in the mood of the character. Tub is restless from the wait and the cold adds on to it. Besides, aiming at the breeze fairly depicts that the character continues to be impatient and will later ironically reflect the true nature of Tub. The snow let up, but still there was no edge to the land where it met the sky. Nothing moved in the chalky fields. The cold bleached their faces and made the stubble stand out on their cheeks and along their upper lips. They stopped twice for coffee before they got to the woods where Kenny wanted to hunt.   Wolff builds up the story on the platform of cold weather and the impact of the cold on each character slowly builds up. As they ride together in Kenny’s truck, we learn more about them. They are traveling in an old truck with a hole in the windshield, making it a very cold journey.   Once again the cold seems to follow them throughout the journey. On the trip into the woods, and while they are walking around searching for tracks, we realize the fact that Kenny and Frank don’t seem to like Tub very much. Not only that, they seems to exclude him from walking with them in the forest, they make fun of him about his eating habits and even try driving off without him. Tub, had an overweight problem and because of the cold temperatures and the snow he couldn’t keep up easily with his friends. â€Å"When Tub crossed the last fence into the toad the truck started moving. Tub had to run for it and just managed to grab hold of the tailgate and hoist himself into the bed. He lay there, panting. Kenny looked out the rear window and grinned.† Kenny kept taunting Tub about his weight all the while. Even though he appeared to be the most sensitive guy in the group, the reader sees a changed character in him at the end. It is probable that Kenny tortured Tub to an intolerable point and that Kenny’s joke backfired. It is through misunderstanding that Tub shoots Kenny. The difficulty that he was going through walking in the cold weather and troubled with himself bothered him enough and made him more and more impatient with time. Apparently we find the nice guy ending up shooting his friend Kenny. This reaction wasn’t expected from him but the reader can feel the frustration that this character has in his life and how the need of keeping warm made him leave his friend behind. Later in the story, Tub finally reveals to Frank the truth about his gluttony. Tub admits, â€Å"I’ve even got stuff (snacks)†¦ He who is â€Å"self conscious about his weight and in denial about his gluttony† apparently ends up in a confession while he tries to keep himself warm during their journey towards the hospital. Frank, on the other hand, seems much more mature and emotionally stable then Tub, while also seems to be the parent figure of the group. He â€Å"doesn’t care about his wife, and is in denial about his lust.† Frank was troubled with his family. He liked a fifteen year old girl who was his babysitter. The freezing temperature and his confused thoughts kept running through his head all the while. This prevented him from thinking rationally and therefore it did not bother him after Kenny was shot and lay freezing to death in the back of the truck. His selfishness was so obvious when kept talking only about himself. This reached its limit when he tried to keep himself warm and thereby ended up taking Kenny’s blankets and let him back there without any regret. He seemed to be the toughest one among them but when Tub couldn’t take him anymore and confronted him he backed up and showed otherwise. In the beginning, he seems like a simple guy. He just basically does whatever Kenny demands of him, and seems to be the calm, undemanding one of the trio. He tells Kenny and Tub to stop obsessing over the hunting: â€Å"‘Relax,’ Frank said. ‘You can’t hurry nature. If we’re meant to get that deer, we’ll get it. If we’re not, we won’t.’† (142). However, later in the story, the plot of the story begins to prove that Frank is not so innocent. He follows whoever has the most power at the moment. After the â€Å"power shift† from Kenny to Tub, Frank beings to follow Tub’s lead. He seems to not even care that his previous best friend is dying in the back of the truck†¦The hunting grounds and the cold weather makes them invariably confide in each other secrets about their personal lives, and enjoy each other’s company immensely. As the story continues, Tub and Frank become more interested in patching up their differences and less concerned with Kenny, to an extent that becomes strange. Kenny, appears to be the comic character of the bunch, and is always in a kind of light-hearted mood, joking around, even while shooting the dog. He â€Å"doesn’t care about anyone or anything.† Kenny appears to be going crazy in due course of time. With all playfulness he keeps saying â€Å"I hate that tree,† and shoots a tree. Next, he approaches the farmer’s dog, and says, â€Å"I hate that dog,† and shoots the dog. Finally, he approaches Tubs and says, â€Å"I hate you Tubs.†Ã‚   And this was when he was shot in his stomach by Tubs.   This reaction of Kenny’s shows his sheer desperation to an unsuccessful hunting trip. Frank and Tub even lie to Kenny at the end, letting him believe that he is being taken to the hospital even though they had no intentions of doing so. Kenny in the story bears the impact of cold to the maximum. He is left at the back in cold for a long time since Frank and Tubs were busy taking breaks to warm themselves up. His blankets are taken away to keep others warm. The story ends in a highly un- dramatic way, with Tub and Frank changing paths away from the hospital, and Kenny freezing in the truck bed, thinking he’s on his way to safety.   He tried to keep himself warm by repeating constantly that he is on his way to the hospital thereby fooling his own self till the end. His world comes to a standstill and he turns quieter than his usual self in pain and cold. His   pain made his brains numb and therefore even though he knew that he was no where near to the hospital, yet he kept repeating that he was on his way to the hospital. The monotony of words provided him the comfort of warmth. The freezing weather made these characters act erratically in the story. With Frank and Tub being in denial of what is happening, they neglected Kenny to the point of his death. Kenny lay at the back of the truck while Tub and Frank pull off to the side of the road three separate times, once for coffee, once to warm their hands from the frigid cold and a third time so Tub could hoard some pancakes because Frank felt pity for his seemingly unchangeable diet. These stops are increasingly random and seem completely inappropriate seeing that there is a man possibly dying in the back of the truck. This inconsiderate attitude of the three men who apparently called themselves as friends and the effect of their words targeted at each others weak points makes for a rather perverse realization that under these men’s simple appearances lies a cruel complexity of human nature, which is as frigid as the snow on the ground.† The reader realizes how all their internal problems plus the weather got into them and showed unexpected reactions from a group of friends that went on a trip. Wolff has taken an ordinary setting and environment of the woods and the snow,   and turned it into an extraordinary event for the three men participating in it. Literary critic, Karen Bernardo mentions, that the different turn the three friends have taken is away from being human beings, and towards being no better then animals.†    References: http://www.megaessays.com/viewpaper/26578.html Perrine’s Literature : Structure, Sound, and Sense (Hardcover); Thomas R. Arp (Author), Greg Johnson (Author) Bernardo, Karen. Tobias Wolff’s â€Å"Hunters in the Snow†. Storybites: A Taste of the World’s Best Short Stories. May 21, 2003.   

Banduras Theory

Albert Bandura became a significant icon in the field of experimentation on the aspect of behavioral patterns associated with aggression. In this perspective, Bandura created certain procedures to view how the behavioral pattern of aggression is related and developed in each individual through being exposed in the sociological aspect. In this experiment, Bandura employed the use of a Bobo doll as part of his techniques of displaying aggression on his chosen subject, which is a group of prepubescent child.His experimentation subject was particularly chosen as they have less social conditioning due to their young age and minimally developed behavioral patterns thus, achieving better observation results. From this experiment, Bandura has found that aggression is indeed communicated through exposure and imitation making the influenced subjects display the same aggressive behavioral pattern as they witnessed in the experiment.Relating to the same approach while developing a new experiment ation method, the author of this paper wishes to create an experiment displaying the influence of aggression in the behavioral pattern of the exposed individuals. In this experiment, children will likewise be used as subjects in the experiment, which will be classified under three groups namely the aggressive, non-aggressive, and the neutral. The first two groups will be further classified into two based on gender to determine if the gender factor will influence the transition in the experimentation.Each child will be separated individually in an isolated individual in which, they will watch a particular video of a either a man or woman based on the gender of the subject that fixes a particular problem with different approach. The aggressive batch will be shown a video of an aggressive approach of fixing the problem in the medium while the second will witnessed a non-aggressive approach. The video indeed in this experiment will be served as the model thus, also proving if aggressive behaviors depicted in modern communication can likewise influence the minds of the public.After the period of viewing, the subjects will be transferred into another room separated individually wherein they will perform the same task displayed in the video to observe whether the children will perform similarly to the approach displayed by their models. In this experiment, the significant influence of aggressive behaviors on the behavioral pattern of the child will be measured in their personal approach of performing the same tasks.In this experiment, it should be noted that one particular objective is inducing non-aggressive behaviors in the children. Expected prior to this experiment is that having model performing non-aggressive approach towards a certain tasks will significant influence the behavioral pattern of the children exposed to the said action. As such, this approach will be taken and implemented as a practical medium in a children institution to induce non-aggressive beh avior.Showing simple video or film characterized by non-aggressive approach can indeed be used as a practical medium of encouraging and inducing non-aggressive behaviors in the children in their personal tasks and social activities. Bibliography Bandura, Albert & Walters, Richard H. (1959). Adolescent Aggression: A Study of the Influence of Child-Training Practices and Family Interrelationships. Ronald Publication, New York. ISBN-10: 0826006876.

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buy custom Small Business essay Small businesses are easy to start and develop as compared to large ones. A business is said to be small depending on various factors, which differ from one country to the other. In the U.S., a business is regarded as small if it has less than 500 employees. Other criteria are asset, sales and annual profits. They are vital to any countries economy through providing employment, revenue among others. The following paper is a description of the concepts, general terms and statistics of small business. It also outlines the benefits the small businesses have on the economy. I will refer to the U.S economy throughout this paper. Small Businesses A small business is a business in which ownership and operation are privately managed, and whose sales volume is relatively low. Whether a business is small, is usually determined by the number of employees, which are the same time ranges from one country to the other. In the U.S., companies with less than 500 employees are classified as small businesses. Other criteria for small business classification are net profit, assets and sales. A study in the US by Small Business Administration (SBA), indicated that 99.9% of businesses in the U.S operate with less than 500 employees, qualifying them as small businesses. Small businesses in the U.S. are quite influential in job creation nd innovation. Characteristics of small businesses Spirit of entrepreneurship- Optimism, motivation, enthusiasm and desire to succeed, characterize small businesses owners. Most are not scared about taking risks. This could be attributed to the amount of money invested as compared to large businesses. There are also favorable legislation in place which encourages the establishment of small businesses. Managerial skills- Leading, planning, organizing, controlling major business activities define management. Small business owners in most cases mostly possess only one of the managerial skills. Managerial skills are limited, especially in important areas of the business such as sales and marketing, finance, insurance, technical, and production. Funding- Small businesses suffer from limited funding, yet they need money for maximization of opportunities through financing growth. This could be attributed to lack of collateral, with securing an unsecured loan from banks being almost impossible. Benefits of small businesses to the economy Small businesses provide many job opportunities, especially due to the low skills required. In US, for instance, small businesses have employed more than half of employees in the private sector. They can be more productive relatively and can, therefore, compete with large firms in offering decent jobs. Small businesses have created more than 60% of jobs per year for the last one decade. This could be attributed to the ease of setting up a small business, with little capital needed, also cheap labor. 50% of non farm private Gross Domestic Product has been created by the small businesses. These businesses are also employers to more than 41% of high-tech workers like engineers and scientists. 45% of the total payroll of the US private sector is paid by small businesses. These businesses have their shortcomings too, the major one being lack of proper business plans. A business plan enables one to roll out the plan and strategize wisely before start a business. There are also numerous requirements from the government authorities before one set out for the business venture. The major hurdle, though, is financing the businesses. Most banks prefer to give loans to businesses that are already developed, because, as such, they have collateral. Small businesses do not have a property to give out to the banks as collateral. Conclusion Small businesses are vital to the economies of many countries, especially the developed ones. They provide employment and generate revenue contributing to the GDP. In US, for instance, small businesses generate more than half of non-farm, private gross domestic product. Buy custom Small Business essay

Important Facts on Argentinas History and Geography

Important Facts on Argentina's History and Geography Argentina officially called the Argentine Republic, is the largest Spanish-speaking nation in Latin America. It is located in southern South America to the east of Chile, to the west lie Uruguay, a small part of Brazil, southern Bolivia, and Paraguay. One of the main differences between Argentina and other South America countries is that it is mainly dominated by a large middle class thats heavily influenced by European culture. In fact, nearly 97 percent of Argentinas population is of European descent, with Spain and Italy being the most common countries of origin. Fast Facts About Argentina Argentina, which means the land of silver, has territorial rights to the eastern side of Tierra del Fuego and is home to Ushuaia, one of the worlds southernmost cities.Population: 45,095,386 (based on United Nations estimate, June 2019)Capital: Buenos AiresArea: 1,073,518 square miles (2,780,400 square kilometers)Bordering Countries: Chile, Bolivia, Paraguay, Brazil, UruguayCoastline: 3,100 miles (4,989 kilometers)Highest Point: At 22,834 feet (6,960 meters), Aconcagua is the worlds highest mountain outside of the Himalayas.Lowest Point: Laguna del Carbon, minus 344 feet (minus 105 meters) History of Argentina Argentina saw the first Europeans arrive when Italian explorer and navigator Amerigo Vespucci reached its shores in 1502. Europeans did not establish a permanent settlement in Argentina until 1580 when Spain established a colony in what is present-day Buenos Aires. Throughout the rest of the 1500s, through the 1600s and 1700s, Spain continued to expand its territorial hold and established the Vice Royalty of Rio de la Plata in 1776. However, on July 9, 1816, after several conflicts, Buenos Aires General Josà © de San Martin (who is now Argentinas national hero) declared independence from Spain. Argentinas first constitution was drafted in 1853 and a national government was established in 1861. Following its independence, Argentina implemented new agricultural technologies, organizational strategies, and foreign investments to help grow its economy. From 1880 to 1930, it became one of the worlds 10 wealthiest nations. Despite its economic success, by the 1930s Argentina was undergoing a period of political instability. The constitutional government was overthrown in 1943. As Minister of Labor, Juan Domingo Perà ³n took over as the countrys political leader. In 1946, Perà ³n was elected as Argentinas president and established Partido Unico de la Revolucion. Peron was re-elected in 1952 but after government instability, he was exiled in 1955. Through the rest of the 1950s and into the 1960s, military and civilian political administrations worked to deal with economic instability, however, after years of uncertainty, unrest led to a reign of domestic terrorism that ran from the mid-1960s through the 1970s. On March 11, 1973, by means of a general election, Hector Campora became the countrys president. In July of that same year, however, Campora resigned and Perà ³n was re-elected President of Argentina. When Perà ³n died a year later, his wife, Eva Duarte de Perà ³n, was appointed the presidency for a short while but was ousted from office in March 1976. After her removal, Argentinas armed forces took control of the government, executing harsh punishments on those who were considered extremists in what was eventually known as El Proceso or the Dirty War. Military rule lasted in Argentina until December 10, 1983, at which time, another presidential election was held and Raul Alfonsin was elected president for a six-year term. During Alfonsins time in office, stability returned to Argentina for a short time, however, the country was still facing serious economic problems. After Alfonsin left office, the country reverted to instability, which lasted into the early 2000s. In 2003, Nestor Kirchner was elected president and after a rocky start, he was eventually able to restore Argentinas former political and economic strength. Government of Argentina Argentinas current government is a federal republic with two legislative bodies. Its executive branch has a chief of state and a head of state. From 2007 to 2011, Cristina Fernndez de Kirchner was the countrys first elected woman  to fill both of those roles. The legislative branch is bicameral with a Senate and a Chamber of Deputies, while the judicial branch is made up of a Supreme Court. Argentina is divided into 23 provinces and one autonomous city,  Buenos Aires. Economics, Industry and Land Use in Argentina Today, one of the most important sectors of Argentinas economy is its industry and approximately one-quarter of the countrys workers are employed in manufacturing. Argentinas major industries include chemical and petrochemical, food production, leather, and textiles. Energy production and mineral resources including lead, zinc, copper, tin, silver, and uranium are also important to the economy. Argentinas main agricultural products include wheat, fruit, tea, and livestock. Geography and Climate of Argentina Because of Argentinas long length, it is divided into four main regions: 1) the northern subtropical woodlands and swamps; 2) the heavily wooded slopes of the Andes Mountains in the west; 3) the far south, semiarid and cold Patagonian Plateau; and 4) the temperate region surrounding Buenos Aires. Thanks to its mild climate, fertile soils, and proximity to where Argentinas cattle industry began, the Buenos Aires the temperate region are the countrys most populated. In addition to these regions, Argentina has many large lakes in the Andes, along with the second largest river system in South America, the Paraguay-Parana-Uruguay, that drains from the northern Chaco region to the Rio de la Plata near Buenos Aires. Like its terrain, Argentinas climate varies, although most of the country is considered temperate with a small arid portion in the southeast. Argentinas southwestern portion is extremely cold and dry and is consequently considered a sub-Antarctic climate. References Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook- Argentina. April 21, 2010. Retrieved from: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ar.html Infoplease.com. Argentina: History, Geography, Government, and Culture. Retrieved from: infoplease.com/country/argentina.html United States Department of State. Argentina. October 2009. Retrieved from: state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/26516.htm

Bipolar disorder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Bipolar disorder - Essay Example These episodes cause unusual and severe shifts in mood, energy, and behavior that interfere drastically with normal, healthy functioning. Bipolar disorder is often a chronic, recurring condition. Sometimes, the mood switches are vivid and rapid, but most often they are steady. When a person is in the depressed phase, the individual can experience any or all of the symptoms of a depressive disorder. When in the overexcited cycle, any or all of the symptoms listed under mania may be experienced. Mania affects a person’s thinking, judgment, and social behavior in ways that cause serious problems and discomfiture. Bipolar disorder is usually subdivided into bipolar I and bipolar II disorders (Mitchell et al. 207–210). The usual form of bipolar disorder is referred to as bipolar I. Bipolar II is a syndrome in which the affected person has repeated depressive episodes interrupted by what is called hypomania. These exhilarated states in bipolar II do not fully meet the criteria for the complete manic episodes that occur in bipolar I. There are various symptoms observed an affected manic person. It is not necessary that all the symptoms should appear in a person who is affected. Some people experience a few symptoms and some many symptoms. Following are some of the symptoms of manic or depressed individuals: Studies have shown that bipolar disorder is diagnosed in equal numbers of men and women. It is not known exactly why major depression seems to affect more women than men while mania affects both men and women equally. One of the obvious reasons may be that mania, with its very prominent symptoms it is much more easily recognized than depression. Depression may also go unrecognized in men especially under alcoholic conditions. Heredity: Individuals with relatives who have had bipolar disorder have a greater chance of developing it themselves. Immediate